Aleksandrova Lada (Russia)
Penkina Ilona (Russia)
Sections:
Ethical Aspects of Children's Interaction with AI;
Digital Hygiene and Prevention of Digital Addiction;
Interdisciplinary Childhood Studies;
Abstract
Relevance. Large language models are becoming more anthropomorphic creating the illusion of similarity of dialogues with AI and real people. Our goal was to study 1) the characteristics of AI perception as interlocutors, depending on respondents’ self-perception, 2) features of dialogues with AI, depending on degree of their perceived similarity with participant in pilot study. Method. Respondents (adolescents and adults) were asked to participate in an experiment, including carrying dialogues with AI (Deepseek, Qwen, Alice) on several topics during one week. Then respondents completed: a short version of the Big Five questionnaire in two versions: to assess themselves and AI as a conversational partner, and the Metux Scales, developed by Peters, Calvo et al., basing on theory of self-determination, to assess how AI technologies meet humans’ psychological needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness. Data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0, thematic and content analyses. Results. The results showed that the perception of AI as an interlocutors was closely related to self-perception of respondents, as well as with degree to which communication with AI satisfied respondents' psychological needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness. In turn, the perception of AI appeared to be associated with the features of those dialogues that respondents previously conducted with AI (in accordance with our research scheme).AI-interlocutors agreed with respondents in most dialogs if not being asked to dispute. Conclusion. Anthropomorphism of LLMs poses new challenges, such as safe interaction with AI, development of rules for its ethical and ecological use. So we need research projects aimed on Human-AI interaction, particularly on dialogs with AI. This is especially important for children and adolescents who are just forming their communication skills, abilities to understand others, need skills preventing falling under interlocutors' influence including AI-interlocutors and ability to keep critical thinking in interactions with AI.
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